chem whatdriveschemicalreactions
Reactivity 1.1.1 - chemical reactions involve a transfer of energy between the system and the surroundings, while total energy is conserved
energy is a measure of the ability to do work, to move an object against an opposing force. heat is a form of energy transfer that occurs as a result of a temperature difference, a process of energy transfer. temperature, rather, is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles, which is a property of the system.
the system is the area of interest, and the surroundings is the rest of the universe
an open system allows energy and matter to be exchanged with the surroundings
in a closed system, energy can be exchanged with the surroundings, but the matter cannot. the total energy does not change during the process, however.
an isolated system cannot exchange matter or energy with the surroundings
the chemical potential energy of a system is called enthalpy. when heat is added to a system from the surroundings, the enthalpy of the system increases. when the system gives out heat, its enthalpy decreases. changes in enthalpy are denoted by