Structure 3.2.5 - ‘IUPAC’ nomenclature refers to a set of rules used by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry to apply systematic names to organic and inorganic compounds
- identify longest straight chain of carbon atoms
| number of carbon atoms | stem |
|---|---|
| 1 | meth |
| 2 | eth |
| 3 | prop |
| 4 | but |
| 5 | pent |
| 6 | hex |
| 7 | set |
| 8 | oct |
| 9 | non |
| 10 | dec |
- identify the functional group
- identify side chains
esters
formed when alkyl group of an alcohol replaces the hydrogen of a carboxylic acid in a condensation reaction:
- prefix: alkyl group of alcohol
- stem: parent acid
methanoic acid + ethanol → ethyl methanoate
ethers
consist of 2 alkyl chains linked by an oxygen atom
- stem: longer chain, retains alkane name
- prefix: shorter chain, given the prefix alkoxy
cccocmethoxypropane