nucleophilic substitution bimolecular sn2 reaction mechanism

further chem
backside attack

saturated carbons: soft nucleophiles (low charge density) preferred (charge often plays a negligible role in driving the reaction) due to homo-lumo overlap

homo of overlaps with empty antibonding on typically

carbonyl: hard nucleophiles (high charge density)

• electrostatic attraction is a driving force due to significant
• also pass electrons from HOMO to LUMO
• attacked

sn2 does not happen on sp2 carbons